This paper is only available as a PDF. To read, Please Download here.
Abstract
The metabolic effects of polyunsaturated versus saturated fat diets on rats fed supplemental
cholesterol were studied in detail. Four rats were fed a basic diet enriched with
0.64 per cent cholesterol and 20 per cent polyunsaturated fat (safflower oil) and
compared with four rats fed the same basic diet enriched with 0.64 per cent cholesterol
and 20 per cent saturated fat (butter). Compared to the butter diet, the safflower
oil diet produced (1) increased cholesterol absorption, (2) markedly enhanced cholesterol
accumulation, and (3) a lower blood cholesterol. The enhanced cholesterol accumulation
in the safflower oil-fed rats was restricted entirely to the liver and was largely
present as cholesterol ester. Cholesterol analyses of lung, kidney, heart, testes,
muscle, skin, gastrointestinal tract, spleen, and residual carcass of each animal
were identical, regardless of diet. Cholesterol-4-C14 turnover studies showed the blood cholesterol half-life to be longer in safflower-fed
animals with larger blood-liver cholesterol pools. Excretion of fecal steroids and
bile acids was identical in both groups. The data indicate that safflower oil (polyunsaturated
fat) diets affect blood cholesterol levels by altering the partition equilibrium of
cholesterol between blood and liver.
To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
Purchase one-time access:
Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online accessOne-time access price info
- For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
- For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'
Subscribe:
Subscribe to Translational ResearchAlready a print subscriber? Claim online access
Already an online subscriber? Sign in
Register: Create an account
Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect
References
- Dietary Modification of Serum Cholesterol and Phospholipid Levels.J. Clin. Endocrinol. & Metab. 1952; 12: 909
- Dietary Fat and Cholesterol Metabolism. Fecal Elimination of Bile Acids and Other Lipids.Lancet. 1957; 2: 1299
- Effect, of Varying Type and Quantity of Dietary Fat in the Fecal Excretion of Bile Acids in Humans Subsisting on Formula Diets.Arch. Biochem. & Biophys. 1958; 78: 367
- Investigation of Mechanisms by Which Unsaturated Fats, Nicotinic Acid, and Neomycin Lower Serum Lipid Concentrations: Excretion of Sterols and Bile Acids.Tr. A. Am. Physicians. 1959; 72: 207
- Effects of Saturated and Unsaturated Fat on Cholesterol Metabolism in the Rat.in: ed. 5. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 97. 1958: 814
- A Simplified Method for the Estimation of Total Cholesterol in Serum and Demonstration of Its Specificity.J. Biol. Chem. 1952; 195: 357
- Dynamics of Cholesterol Metabolism. I. Factors Regulating Total Sterol Biosynthesis and Accumulation in the Rat.in: ed. 5. Proc. Nat. Acad. Sc. 50. 1963: 117
- Correction for Quenching Associated With Liquid Scintillation Counting.Anal. Chem. 1961; 33: 650
- Revision of the Schoenheimer-Sperry Method for Cholesterol Determination.J. Biol. Chem. 1950; 187: 97
- Feedback Control of Cholesterol Synthesis in Man.J. Clin. Invest. 1963; 42: 1613
- Excretion of Steroid Acids in Man.Arch. Biochem. & Biophys. 1962; 97: 406
- Effect of Dietary Fat on the Fecal Excretion of Cholesterol and Its Degradation Products in Human Subjects.J. Lab. & Clin. Med. 1962; 60 (Abst.): 1000
- Dietary Fat and Cholesterol Metabolism: Effect of Unsaturation of Dietary Fats on Liver and Serum Lipids.Metabolism. 1959; 8: 241
- Linoleic Acid and Cholesterol Metabolism in the Rat. II. Effects of Dietary Cholesterol on Plasma and Liver Ester Composition.Arch. Biochem. & Biophys. 1959; 81: 382
- Influence of Dietary Fats and Cholesterol on Tissue Lipids in Chickens.J. Nutrition. 1961; 73: 247
- Fatty Acid Specificity for the Esterification of Vitamin A and Cholesterol by Intestinal and Pancreatic Enzymes in Rats.Nature. 1961; 189: 482
- The Effect of Essential Fatty Acid Deficiency on the Distribution of Endogenous Cholesterol in the Plasma and Liver of the Rat.Arch. Biochem. & Biophys. 1954; 52: 180
- Linoleic Acid and Cholesterol Metabolism in the Rat. I. The Effect of Dietary Fat and Linoleic Acid Levels on the Content and Composition of Cholesterol Esters in Liver and Plasma.Arch. Biochem. & Biophys. 1958; 76: 56
- The Effects of Corn Oil on the Amounts of Cholesterol and the Excretion of Sterol in the Rat.Biochem. J. 1961; 81: 584
- Cholesterol Content of Human Liver After Feeding of Corn Oil and Hydrogenated Cocoanut Oil.in: ed. 5. Proc. Soc. Exper. Biol. & Med. 106. 1961: 801
- Plasma Lipoprotein Metabolism in Perfused Rat Livers. II. Transfer of Free and Esterified Cholesterol Into the Plasma.J. Clin. Invest. 1963; 42: 1277
- Studies on the Mechanism of Diet-Induced Alterations of Plasma Cholesterol.J. Clin. Invest. 1963; 42 (Abst.): 980
Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
July 17,
1964
Received:
March 30,
1964
Footnotes
☆This work was supported by grants from the Heart Societies of Cleveland, Portage County, and Western Counties of Ohio, and by the United States Public Health Service Grant A-5304.
Identification
Copyright
© 1964 Published by Elsevier Inc.