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Abstract
A previously validated in vitro technique was used to determine the effect of abdominal
irradiation on the intestinal uptake (Jd) of glucose, galactose, leucine, and gly-leucine in the rat. Three days after 600
rads from a cesium-137 source, there was a rise in the jejunal maximal transport rate
(Jdm) and the apparent Michaelis constant (![Math Eq]()
) but a decline in the apparent passive permeability coefficient (![Math Eq]()
) for glucose. Thereafter, there was a progressive decline in ![Math Eq]()
and dm but a rise in ![Math Eq]()
for glucose uptake. In the ileum, irradiation was associated with an increased ![Math Eq]()
and Jdm and a decreased ![Math Eq]()
. Fourteen days after 600 rads, Jd of leucine into the jejunum was unchanged but Jd of leucine into the ileum was increased because of a higher ![Math Eq]()
. The Jd of leucine from gly-leucine was greater than from leucine alone. The Jd of 0.5 to 10 mM gly-leucine into the jejunum was increased after 600 rads, whereas
the greater Jd of gly-leucine into the ileum after irradiation was most marked at 40 mM. Fourteen
days after 300 rads, the Jd of glucose and galactose was increased into the ileum, whereas the Jd of leucine was decreased and the Jd of these probes into the jejunum and colon was unchanged; 14 days after 900 rads,
the Jd of glucose and galactose was unchanged in each site and the Jd of leucine was reduced in the ileum but not the jejunum or colon. The effective resistance
of the intestinal unstirred water layer (UWL) was estimated from the Jd of lauryl alcohol. Resistance of UWL was lowest in the ileum, highest in the colon,
and of intermediate value in the jejunum; 14 days after 600 rads, UWL was reduced
in the colon when the bulk phase was stirred, and UWL was reduced in the jejunum,
ileum, and colon when the bulk phase was unstirred. In summary, (1) irradiation modifies
the kinetic parameters of the intestinal uptake of glucose, galactose, leucine, and
gly-leucine and this effect depends on the probe, the intestinal site, the dose of
irradiation, and the time after exposure; (2) irradiation lowers the effective resistance
of the UWL; and (3) 14 days after abdominal irradiation, functional changes persist
in the absence of associated abnormalities in the villus structure. It is proposed
that the intestinal adaptive response to abdominal irradiation involves a mechanism
that permits qualitatively and quantitatively dissimilar responses for the various
hexose and amino acid carriers. The abnormalities in ileal uptake of these probes
14 days after 300 rads suggest that this site is particularly susceptible to the effects
of low-dose irradiation.
) but a decline in the apparent passive permeability coefficient (
) for glucose. Thereafter, there was a progressive decline in 
and dm but a rise in 
for glucose uptake. In the ileum, irradiation was associated with an increased 
and Jdm and a decreased 
. Fourteen days after 600 rads, Jd of leucine into the jejunum was unchanged but Jd of leucine into the ileum was increased because of a higher 
. The Jd of leucine from gly-leucine was greater than from leucine alone. The Jd of 0.5 to 10 mM gly-leucine into the jejunum was increased after 600 rads, whereas
the greater Jd of gly-leucine into the ileum after irradiation was most marked at 40 mM. Fourteen
days after 300 rads, the Jd of glucose and galactose was increased into the ileum, whereas the Jd of leucine was decreased and the Jd of these probes into the jejunum and colon was unchanged; 14 days after 900 rads,
the Jd of glucose and galactose was unchanged in each site and the Jd of leucine was reduced in the ileum but not the jejunum or colon. The effective resistance
of the intestinal unstirred water layer (UWL) was estimated from the Jd of lauryl alcohol. Resistance of UWL was lowest in the ileum, highest in the colon,
and of intermediate value in the jejunum; 14 days after 600 rads, UWL was reduced
in the colon when the bulk phase was stirred, and UWL was reduced in the jejunum,
ileum, and colon when the bulk phase was unstirred. In summary, (1) irradiation modifies
the kinetic parameters of the intestinal uptake of glucose, galactose, leucine, and
gly-leucine and this effect depends on the probe, the intestinal site, the dose of
irradiation, and the time after exposure; (2) irradiation lowers the effective resistance
of the UWL; and (3) 14 days after abdominal irradiation, functional changes persist
in the absence of associated abnormalities in the villus structure. It is proposed
that the intestinal adaptive response to abdominal irradiation involves a mechanism
that permits qualitatively and quantitatively dissimilar responses for the various
hexose and amino acid carriers. The abnormalities in ileal uptake of these probes
14 days after 300 rads suggest that this site is particularly susceptible to the effects
of low-dose irradiation.To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
July 19,
1983
Received:
January 19,
1983
Footnotes
☆Supported by funds from the Provincial Cancer Hospitals Board, Alberta Heritage Trust Funds: Applied Research—Cancer.
Identification
Copyright
© 1983 Published by Elsevier Inc.
