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Abstract
In vivo perfusion experiments were performed in the rat jejunum and colon to test
the hypothesis that the changes in intestinal solute transport induced by dihydroxy
bile acids and fatty acids are the result of the combined effects of fluid secretion
and enhancement of mucosal permeability. The hypothesis predicts that absorption of
organic solutes will be reduced in inverse relationship to the absorption rates under
control conditions and that absorption of small, nonabsorbable solutes such as mannitol
will be enhanced by these agents. Fluid secretion was induced either by administering
cholera toxin or by increasing the osmolality of the perfusion solution to 365 mOsm/L.
Permeability was enhanced by adding amphotericin B, 50 μg/ml, to the perfusion solutions.
The isotonic perfusion solutions contained 11.2 mM glucose and 4 mM triethylene, tetraethylene,
pentaethylene, and hexaethylene glycol or mannitol as probes of passive permeability.
In the jejunum cholera toxin induced fluid and electrolyte secretion and reduced organic
solute absorption to a small but significant degree (p < 0.05). Amphotericin B alone
enhanced absorption of organic solutes, water, and electrolytes (p < 0.01). In the
presence of fluid secretion induced by an osmotic load, only absorption of triethylene
and pentaethylene glycol was reduced. Addition of amphotericin B after exposure to
cholera toxin or to the hypertonic solutions resulted in a further significant reduction
of absorption of glucose and ethylene glycols (p < 0.05). The combination of amphotericin
B and cholera toxin resulted in enhanced absorption of mannitol (p < 0.02). Similarly,
5 mM deoxycholate enhanced jejunal absorption of mannitol (p < 0.01) and reduced the
absorption of glucose and the low-molecular-weight ethylene glycols (p < 0.01). In
the colon the administration of amphotericin B after the exposure to cholera toxin
resulted in enhanced absorption of glucose (p < 0.05) in spite of continuing fluid
secretion. The combination of fluid secretion and enhancement of mucosal permeability,
therefore, reproduced all in vivo effects of bile acids and fatty acids on intestinal
transport of organic solutes.
Abbreviations:
polyethylene glycol 4000 ((PEG)), inner diameter ((ID))To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
May 31,
1983
Received:
March 8,
1983
Footnotes
☆This investigation was supported in part by research grant AM 17941 from the National Institutes of Health, U.S. Public Health Service, and by the Medical Research Service of the Veterans Administration.
☆☆Published in part in abstract form: Clin Res 27:682A 1979, and 28:271A 1980; Gastroenerology 78:1131 1980, and 84:1091 1983.
Identification
Copyright
© 1983 Published by Elsevier Inc.
