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Abstract
The purpose of this investigation was to test whether alterations of intravascular
volume change renal susceptibility to ischemic injury. Acute volume depletion (2%
body weight; by furosemide injection or by hemorrhage) or volume expansion (10% body
weight; by saline infusion) was induced in Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of these
interventions on renal blood flow (RBF), mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), glomerular
filtration rate (GFR), and renal adenine nucleotide content were assessed by comparison
with values observed in euvolemic control rats. Volume-depleted, volume-expanded,
and euvolemic control rats were also subjected to 25 minutes of bilateral renal artery
occlusion (RAO). The severity of ischemic injury was assessed 24 hours later (by determination
of GFR, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, and histology). Before RAO, the volume-depleted
rats had significant reductions in GFR (33%), MAP (20% to 45%), and RBF (52% to 72%),
but renal adenosine triphosphate (ATP) content was totally preserved. Both groups
of volume-depleted rats had normal susceptibility to RAO, compared with the euvolemic
controls. Before RAO, volume expansion had no significant effect on GFR, MAP, or RBF,
but it decreased renal ATP content by 21%. In addition, volume expansion significantly
exacerbated the ATP depletion that occurred both during and after RAO. Nevertheless,
the volume-expanded rats were almost totally protected against ischemia. It is concluded
that the kidney can tolerate severe volume depletion without apparent deterioration
in tubular cell energetics or a change in renal susceptibility to superimposed ischemic
injury. Acute volume expansion can protect against ischemic injury, despite lowering
renal ATP content.
Abbreviations:
ADP (adenosine diphosphate), AMP (adenosine monophosphate), ATP (adenosine triphosphate), BUN (blood urea nitrogen), Cioth (clearance of iothalamate sodium I 125), D5W (5% dextrose in water), GFR (glomerular filtration rate), MAP (mean arterial pressure), RAO (renal artery occlusion), RBF (renal blood flow), TAN (total adenine nucleotides)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Accepted:
April 8,
1986
Received:
November 15,
1985
Footnotes
☆Supported by a grant from the National Institutes of Health (AM 32628).
Identification
Copyright
© 1986 Published by Elsevier Inc.
