There is no Food and Drug Administration-approved treatment for acute respiratory
distress syndrome (ARDS), in spite of the relatively large number of patients with
the diagnosis. In this report, we provide an overview of preclinical studies and a
description of completed and future clinical trials in humans with ARDS. Preclinical
studies dealing with acute lung injury have suggested roles for complement and complement
receptors, as well as the evolving role of histones, but details of these pathways
are inadequately understood. Anti-inflammatory interventions have not been convincingly
effective. Various cell growth factors are being considered for clinical study. Interventions
to block complement activation or its products are under consideration. Stem cell
therapies have shown efficacy in preclinical studies, which have motivated phase I/II
trials in humans with ARDS.
Abbreviations:
AEC (alveolar epithelial cell), ALI (acute lung injury), ARDS (acute respiratory distress syndrome), BALF (bronchoalveolar lavage fluid), DAMPs (danger-associated molecular patterns), GM-CSF (granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor), IR (ischemia-reperfusion), LPS (lipopolysaccharide), NETs (neutrophil extracellular traps), PAMPs (pathogen-associated molecular patterns), PMNs (polymorphonuclear leukocytes (neutrophils)), TLRs (toll-like receptors)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: May 05, 2015
Accepted:
April 29,
2015
Received in revised form:
April 27,
2015
Received:
March 18,
2015
Identification
Copyright
© 2016 Elsevier Inc. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
