Pancreatic cancer is characterized by extremely high mortality and poor prognosis
and is projected to be the leading cause of cancer deaths by 2030. Due to the lack
of early symptoms and appropriate methods to detect pancreatic carcinoma at an early
stage as well as its aggressive progression, the disease is often quite advanced by
the time a definite diagnosis is established. The 5-year relative survival rate for
all stages is approximately 8%. Therefore, detection of pancreatic cancer at an early
surgically resectable stage is the key to decrease mortality and to improve survival.
The traditional methods for diagnosing pancreatic cancer involve an imaging test,
such as ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging, paired with a biopsy of the mass
in question. These methods are often expensive, time consuming, and require trained
professionals to use the instruments and analyze the imaging. To overcome these issues,
biosensors have been proposed as a promising tool for the early diagnosis of pancreatic
cancer. The present review critically discusses the latest developments in biosensors
for the early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Protein and microRNA biomarkers of pancreatic
cancer and corresponding biosensors for pancreatic cancer diagnosis have been reviewed,
and all these cases demonstrate that the emerging biosensors are becoming an increasingly
relevant alternative to traditional techniques. In addition, we discuss the existing
problems in biosensors and future challenges.
Abbreviations:
PDAC (pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma), PanIN (pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia), ctDNA (circulation tumor DNA), PCR (polymerase chain reaction), ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), miRNAs (microRNAs), MIC (macrophage inhibitory cytokine), OPN (osteopontin), CP (chronic pancreatitis), AUC (under the curve), NCs (normal controls: NCs), PaC (Pancreatic cancer), PaCIC (pancreatic cancer-initiating cell), POC (point-of-care), EIS (electrochemical impedance spectroscopy), SERS (surface enhanced Raman scattering), SPR (surface plasmon resonance), LSPR (localized surface plasmon resonance), AuNP (gold nanoparticle), PP (pancreatic polypeptide), LFB (lateral flow Biosensor)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 15, 2019
Accepted:
August 6,
2019
Received in revised form:
August 6,
2019
Received:
April 11,
2019
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
