Abstract
Phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1) deficiency is recognized as the third most common N-linked congenital disorders of glycosylation (CDG) in humans. Affected individuals
present with liver, musculoskeletal, endocrine, and coagulation symptoms; however,
the most life-threatening complication is the early onset of dilated cardiomyopathy
(DCM). Recently, we discovered that oral D-galactose supplementation improved liver disease, endocrine, and coagulation abnormalities,
but does not alleviate the fatal cardiomyopathy and the associated myopathy. Here
we report on left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) in 6 individuals with PGM1-CDG.
LVEF was pathologically low in most of these individuals and varied between 10% and
65%. To study the pathobiology of the cardiac disease observed in PGM1-CDG, we constructed
a novel cardiomyocyte-specific conditional Pgm2 gene (mouse ortholog of human PGM1) knockout (Pgm2 cKO) mouse model. Echocardiography studies corroborated a DCM phenotype with significantly
reduced ejection fraction and left ventricular dilation similar to those seen in individuals
with PGM1-CDG. Histological studies demonstrated excess glycogen accumulation and
fibrosis, while ultrastructural analysis revealed Z-disk disarray and swollen/fragmented
mitochondria, which was similar to the ultrastructural pathology in the cardiac explant
of an individual with PGM1-CDG. In addition, we found decreased mitochondrial function
in the heart of KO mice. Transcriptomic analysis of hearts from mutant mice demonstrated
a gene signature of DCM. Although proteomics revealed only mild changes in global
protein expression in left ventricular tissue of mutant mice, a glycoproteomic analysis
unveiled broad glycosylation changes with significant alterations in sarcolemmal proteins
including different subunits of laminin-211, which was confirmed by immunoblot analyses.
Finally, augmentation of PGM1 in KO mice via AAV9-PGM1 gene replacement therapy prevented and halted the progression of the DCM phenotype.
Abbreviations:
Congenital disorder of glycosylation (CDG), Citrate synthase (CS), D-2-hydroxyglutarate dehydrogenase (D2hgdh), Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), D-galactose (D-gal), Early to late ventricular filling velocities (E/A), Ejection fraction (Egfr), Frontiers in congenital disorders of glycosylation (FCDGC), Fractional shortening (FS), Glucose-1 phosphate (Glc-1P), Glucose-6 phosphate (Glc-6P), Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), Phosphoglucomutase 1 (PGM1), Cardiomyocyte-specific conditional Pgm2 (mouse ortholog of human PGM1) gene knockout mice (Pgm2 cKO), Alpha-myosin heavy chain (αMHC)To read this article in full you will need to make a payment
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 26, 2023
Accepted:
January 18,
2023
Received in revised form:
January 4,
2023
Received:
December 12,
2022
Publication stage
In Press Journal Pre-ProofIdentification
Copyright
© 2023 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
